diff --git a/backend/tests/plugins/test_antispam_api.py b/backend/tests/plugins/test_antispam_api.py
index 26ef9e6..97fdfd6 100644
--- a/backend/tests/plugins/test_antispam_api.py
+++ b/backend/tests/plugins/test_antispam_api.py
@@ -147,8 +147,12 @@ async def test_rls_isolation_between_users(ctx: _Ctx) -> None:
     assert len((await ctx.client_a.get(f"{BASE}/rules")).json()) == 1
 
 
-async def test_verdict_absent_for_unclassified_message(ctx: _Ctx) -> None:
-    assert (await ctx.client_a.get(f"{BASE}/verdict/{uuid.uuid4()}")).json() is None
+async def test_context_for_an_unknown_message(ctx: _Ctx) -> None:
+    """The slots ask about every message they mount on, including ones we have
+    never classified — that must answer, not 404."""
+    body = (await ctx.client_a.get(f"{BASE}/context/{uuid.uuid4()}")).json()
+    assert body["verdict"] is None
+    assert body["special_use"] is None  # not this user's message: no folder to report
 
 
 async def test_stats_work_without_an_engine(ctx: _Ctx, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
diff --git a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/router.py b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/router.py
index 8a816f6..943bdee 100644
--- a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/router.py
+++ b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/router.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from app.plugins.sdk import CurrentUserId, require_csrf, sdk
 from webmail_plugin_antispam import policy, rspamd
 from webmail_plugin_antispam.schemas import (
     LearnIn,
+    MessageContextOut,
     RuleIn,
     RuleOut,
     SettingsIn,
@@ -171,11 +172,25 @@ async def delete_rule(rule_id: uuid.UUID, user_id: CurrentUserId) -> dict[str, s
 # --- verdicts, learning, stats ----------------------------------------------
 
 
-@router.get("/verdict/{message_id}", response_model=VerdictOut | None)
-async def get_verdict(
+@router.get("/context/{message_id}", response_model=MessageContextOut)
+async def get_context(
     message_id: uuid.UUID, user_id: CurrentUserId
-) -> VerdictOut | None:
-    """What the banner slot asks before deciding whether to render anything."""
+) -> MessageContextOut:
+    """Verdict + current folder for the per-message slots, in one round-trip.
+
+    The folder is what decides which action is worth showing: "Spam" means
+    something in the inbox, "Not spam" means something in the spam folder, and
+    neither belongs on a message in Sent or Drafts.
+    """
+    env = await _SDK.messages.envelope(user_id, message_id)
+    return MessageContextOut(
+        message_id=message_id,
+        special_use=(env or {}).get("mailbox_special_use"),
+        verdict=await _load_verdict(user_id, message_id),
+    )
+
+
+async def _load_verdict(user_id: uuid.UUID, message_id: uuid.UUID) -> VerdictOut | None:
     async with _SDK.session(user_id) as s:
         row = (
             await s.execute(
diff --git a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/schemas.py b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/schemas.py
index 7c9fafc..4ba4528 100644
--- a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/schemas.py
+++ b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/schemas.py
@@ -54,6 +54,19 @@ class VerdictOut(BaseModel):
     learned: str | None
 
 
+class MessageContextOut(BaseModel):
+    """What the per-message UI slots need in one round-trip.
+
+    ``special_use`` is where the message currently sits, which decides which
+    action is meaningful: "Spam" in the inbox, "Not spam" in the spam folder,
+    neither in Sent or Drafts.
+    """
+
+    message_id: uuid.UUID
+    special_use: str | None
+    verdict: VerdictOut | None
+
+
 class StatsOut(BaseModel):
     counts: dict[str, int]
     top_symbols: list[dict[str, object]]
diff --git a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/actions.js b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/actions.js
index 9c0d2b9..d1e3ede 100644
--- a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/actions.js
+++ b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/actions.js
@@ -1,50 +1,80 @@
-// antispam · message.actions slot (SPEC §C.6). Explicit teaching: the two
-// buttons are the strongest training signal the engine gets, because the user
-// is telling us about *this* message rather than about a threshold.
+// antispam · message.actions slot (SPEC §C.6). Explicit teaching: the strongest
+// training signal the engine gets, because the user is telling us about *this*
+// message rather than adjusting a threshold.
+//
+// Only ever one button, and only where it means something. "Not spam" on an
+// inbox message is nonsense — it was never filed as spam — and a pair of
+// buttons on every message in every thread is noise that trains nobody.
+
+const MEANINGFUL = {
+  junk: { verdict: "ham", label: "Not spam", title: "Move back to Inbox and teach the filter" },
+  inbox: { verdict: "spam", label: "Spam", title: "Move to Spam and teach the filter" },
+  archive: { verdict: "spam", label: "Spam", title: "Move to Spam and teach the filter" },
+  // Sent, Drafts and Trash deliberately absent: nothing here is a spam verdict.
+};
 
 export default function mount(el, ctx, props) {
   const messageId = props && props.messageId;
   if (!messageId) return;
-  el.style.display = "inline-flex";
-  el.style.gap = "4px";
-  el.style.alignItems = "center";
-
+  let disposed = false;
   let busy = false;
 
   async function teach(verdict) {
     if (busy) return;
     busy = true;
-    render();
+    render(current, true);
     try {
       await ctx.api.pluginFetch("/learn", {
         method: "POST",
         body: JSON.stringify({ message_id: messageId, verdict }),
       });
-      // The message has moved folders; let the mail UI catch up.
       window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("webmail:antispam-learned"));
-      el.innerHTML = `<span class="wm-faint">${verdict === "spam" ? "Marked as spam" : "Marked as not spam"}</span>`;
-      return;
+      if (!disposed) {
+        el.innerHTML = `<span class="wm-faint">${verdict === "spam" ? "Marked as spam" : "Marked as not spam"}</span>`;
+      }
     } catch {
       busy = false;
-      render();
+      render(current, false);
     }
   }
 
-  function render() {
-    const d = busy ? " disabled" : "";
-    el.innerHTML =
-      `<button class="wm-btn-ghost" data-v="spam" title="Move to Spam and teach the filter"${d}>Spam</button>` +
-      `<button class="wm-btn-ghost" data-v="ham" title="Move back to Inbox and teach the filter"${d}>Not spam</button>`;
-    el.querySelectorAll("[data-v]").forEach((b) =>
-      b.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
-        e.stopPropagation();
-        teach(b.getAttribute("data-v"));
-      }),
-    );
+  let current = null;
+
+  function render(action, pending) {
+    if (!action) {
+      el.innerHTML = "";
+      return;
+    }
+    el.style.display = "inline-flex";
+    el.style.gap = "4px";
+    el.style.alignItems = "center";
+    el.innerHTML = `<button class="wm-btn-ghost" title="${action.title}"${pending ? " disabled" : ""}>${action.label}</button>`;
+    el.querySelector("button").addEventListener("click", (e) => {
+      e.stopPropagation();
+      teach(action.verdict);
+    });
   }
 
-  render();
+  (async () => {
+    let ctxData = null;
+    try {
+      ctxData = await ctx.api.pluginFetch(`/context/${messageId}`);
+    } catch {
+      return; // no antispam service, no buttons
+    }
+    if (disposed) return;
+    current = MEANINGFUL[ctxData && ctxData.special_use] || null;
+    // Already taught? Say so instead of offering the same lesson again.
+    const learned = ctxData && ctxData.verdict && ctxData.verdict.learned;
+    if (learned) {
+      el.innerHTML = `<span class="wm-faint">${learned === "spam" ? "Marked as spam" : "Marked as not spam"}</span>`;
+      return;
+    }
+    render(current, false);
+  })();
+
   return () => {
+    disposed = true;
     el.innerHTML = "";
   };
 }
diff --git a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/banner.js b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/banner.js
index 5f65696..4dc321e 100644
--- a/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/banner.js
+++ b/plugins/webmail_plugin_antispam/webmail_plugin_antispam/ui/banner.js
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ export default function mount(el, ctx, props) {
   (async () => {
     let v = null;
     try {
-      v = await ctx.api.pluginFetch(`/verdict/${messageId}`);
+      const ctxData = await ctx.api.pluginFetch(`/context/${messageId}`);
+      v = ctxData && ctxData.verdict;
     } catch {
       return; // no verdict service, no banner — never block the message
     }